Quality Management in Software Engineering MCQs

Q1. What is the primary goal of Software Quality Management?

A) To reduce development time B) To ensure the software meets specified requirements and standards C) To minimize the number of features D) To increase project budget

Correct Answer: B) To ensure the software meets specified requirements and standards

Explanation:
Software Quality Management aims to ensure that software products meet defined quality standards and fulfill specified requirements. It focuses on both process quality and product quality throughout the software lifecycle.

Q2. Which of the following is NOT a software quality attribute?

A) Reliability B) Maintainability C) Functionality D) Number of lines of code

Correct Answer: D) Number of lines of code

Explanation:
Software quality attributes (also called "-ilities") include reliability, maintainability, functionality, usability, efficiency, and portability. Lines of code is a quantitative measure, not a quality attribute.

Q3. Quality Assurance (QA) focuses on:

A) Detecting defects after development B) Preventing defects during development C) Only testing the final product D) Reducing development costs

Correct Answer: B) Preventing defects during development

Explanation:
QA is process-oriented and focuses on preventing defects by improving development processes. Quality Control (QC) is product-oriented and focuses on identifying defects in finished products through testing.

Q4. Which technique is used for defect prevention?

A) Code reviews B) Testing C) Debugging D) All of the above

Correct Answer: A) Code reviews

Explanation:
Code reviews are preventive - they catch issues before code is executed. Testing and debugging are corrective - they find and fix defects after they occur. Other preventive techniques include requirements reviews, design patterns, and coding standards.

Q5. ISO 9001 is related to:

A) Software coding standards B) Quality management systems C) Risk management D) Project scheduling

Correct Answer: B) Quality management systems

Explanation:
ISO 9001 is an international standard for Quality Management Systems (QMS) that can be applied to any organization. It focuses on meeting customer requirements and continuous improvement, not just software-specific practices.

Q6. The highest level in the CMMI model is:

A) Level 1 – Initial B) Level 3 – Defined C) Level 5 – Optimizing D) Level 2 – Managed

Correct Answer: C) Level 5 – Optimizing

Explanation:
CMMI levels: 1-Initial (ad hoc), 2-Managed (repeatable), 3-Defined (standardized), 4-Quantitatively Managed (measured), 5-Optimizing (continuous improvement). Level 5 represents the most mature processes.

Q7. Which CMMI level focuses on quantitative process management?

A) Level 2 B) Level 3 C) Level 4 D) Level 5

Correct Answer: C) Level 4 (Quantitatively Managed)

Explanation:
Level 4 focuses on establishing quantitative objectives for quality and process performance, and using statistical techniques to control processes. This enables predictable performance within defined limits.

Q8. ISO/IEC 9126 standard defines:

A) Software process improvement B) Software product quality model C) Risk management framework D) Cost estimation techniques

Correct Answer: B) Software product quality model

Explanation:
ISO/IEC 9126 defines a quality model with 6 main characteristics (functionality, reliability, usability, efficiency, maintainability, portability) that can be further broken down into sub-characteristics.

Q9. PSP is developed by:

A) ISO B) SEI (Software Engineering Institute) C) IEEE D) None of the above

Correct Answer: B) SEI (Software Engineering Institute)

Explanation:
The Personal Software Process (PSP) was developed by Watts Humphrey at the SEI as a disciplined approach for individual software engineers to improve their personal productivity and quality.

Q10. The primary goal of Six Sigma is to:

A) Reduce defects to 3.4 per million opportunities B) Increase software features C) Reduce development time D) Automate testing

Correct Answer: A) Reduce defects to 3.4 per million opportunities

Explanation:
Six Sigma aims for near-perfection in processes, targeting no more than 3.4 defects per million opportunities (99.99966% defect-free). It uses statistical methods and structured methodologies to achieve this.

Q11. Which Six Sigma methodology is used for improving existing processes?

A) DMAIC B) DMADV C) Agile D) Waterfall

Correct Answer: A) DMAIC

Explanation:
DMAIC (Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, Control) is used for improving existing processes. DMADV (Define, Measure, Analyze, Design, Verify) is used for creating new processes/products.

Q12. PSP focuses on:

A) Team productivity B) Individual developer's quality and productivity C) Cost estimation D) None of the above

Correct Answer: B) Individual developer's quality and productivity

Explanation:
PSP emphasizes personal measurement, planning, and quality control at the individual developer level. It provides engineers with disciplined methods to estimate, plan, and track their work while improving quality.

Quality Management in Software Engineering MCQs

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